The fusion's hairstyle looks mostly like Goku Black's as Super S… (D) Structure comparisons of the stem regions under different pH conditions. (D) Surface-rendered diagrams showing the changes in surface and inner cavity of the central helices upon pH change. Our observations of the low pH induced intermediate states suggest that the pre-postfusion transition involves at least two intermediate steps, including one step in which the fusion peptides are released from the surface pockets and a subsequent step in which the central helices unwind (Fig 5B and 5C). Further analysis showed that conformational changes occur mainly in the Helix Ds, as indicated by the calculated r.m.s.d values (0.4 Å between the 90 aligned Cα atom pairs of the Helix Cs vs 4.0 Å between the 60 aligned Cα atom pairs of the Helix Ds, Fig 3A). The second form in that paper is quite consistent with our conformation C, as they both feature with unwound central helices. While structures of prefusion state and postfusion state of HA have been reported, the intermediate structures remain elusive. We showed that, upon low pH treatment, HA undergoes dramatic conformational change to release the fusion peptide and to splay the central helices. Main articles: God Fusion and God Fusion GokuA fusion technique created by Goku as a result of his wish to Shenron. The fusion peptides are colored green. Both the increase in the superhelical radius and the decrease in the superhelical frequency of the Helix Ds indicate the unwinding of the coiled coil. Further cryo-EM analysis of the sample showed that the HA (strain A/Hong Kong/1/1968) with the bound Fab F005-126 was mostly intact at pH 5.2 (S2 Fig). Each image was dose-fractionated into 32 movie frames at a dose rate of 8.2 counts per physical pixel per second, with a total exposure time of 8 s and a frame exposure time of 0.25 s, resulting in a total dose of ~50 electrons per Å2. However, the HA-Fab-pH 5.2 conformations B and C showed significant differences in the stem region from those of the HA-Fab-pH 7.8 and the HA-Fab-pH 5.2 conformation A (Figs 2, S9 and S10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009062, Editor: Félix A. Rey, Institut Pasteur, FRANCE, Received: July 26, 2020; Accepted: October 9, 2020; Published: November 30, 2020. Supervision, The two HA protomers are colored dark grey and light pink, respectively. The steric clashes between the models were calculated with Chimera (Fig 4). Detection of 31.a.83 was done by using an anti-human immunoglobulin G conjugated with the horseradish peroxidase (Promega, W4038). Related GIFs. The fusion peptide and the nearby stem region of HA could undergo initial conformational changes that further prime subsequent conformational changes, disassociation of the HA1 head and structure rearrangement of the HA2 stem [13,15,16]. Prior to visualization, all density maps were sharpened by applying a negative B-factor and corrected for the modulation transfer function (MTF) of the detector by using RELION. <-- No, anyone who decided that they were going to watch Ashes decline in the anime should know what they are from. Yes Competing interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist. Dec 31, 2014 - Pokemon (Is it bad I know what movie this is from?) The steric clashes between the central helices of the pH 5.2 conformation C and the stem region (fusion peptide and beta sheets) of the pH 5.2 conformation A are shown in blue. The N-terminal hydrophobic residues of the fusion peptide are shown as orange spheres. (A) A schematic diagram showing the domain organization of the influenza virus HA. The antibody stabilizes the HA head and prevents further conformation change to the post-fusion state. The surface is colored according to the surface electrostatic potentials. Possible subsequent conformational changes of the Helix Ds in the pre-post transition are indicated by the black arrows. (B) Surface rendered diagrams showing the pH induced conformational changes of the conserved residues on the surface of the central helices. Finally I get to work on one of my favourites shows as a kid :) more characters will get added in time. The HA-Fab complex at pH 7.8 (HA-Fab-pH 7.8) was determined at a resolution of 2.8 Å (Figs 1 and S4). The two HA protomers in the trimer are colored dark grey and light pink color, respectively. In this research, we used a neutralizing antibody to stabilize the HA, fast froze the low pH treated sample in vitreous ice and determined several intermediate structures of the HA by computational 3D classification. Similar to the Fusion Dance, it is created through a series of poses, albeit the main user has to gather enough energy to do so. Helix A (39–56), blue. (D) 31.a.83 binding to the low pH treated HA-Fab F005-126 complex. HA-Fab complex was purified with a same procedure as mentioned above and the ELISA procedure was similar as those for the HA samples. The pH of the purified HA-Fab F005-126 complex was adjusted to pH 5.2 by adding 0.5 M sodium acetate at pH 4.6. He has Broly's muscular build, necklace, belt, robe and pants, while having Goku's wristbands and boots. The surface grooves and the larger inner cavity in the stem region of the late intermediate conformation could provide new sites for designing universal vaccines and inhibitors to influenza viruses. PLOS Pathogens publishes Open Access research and commentary that significantly advance the understanding of Share the best GIFs now >>> Best Dining in Gig Harbor, Washington: See 6,896 Tripadvisor traveler reviews of 114 Gig Harbor restaurants and search by cuisine, price, location, and more. Side view (left) and bottom-up view (right) are shown, respectively. The hemagglutinin (HA) glycoproteins of influenza viruses play a key role in binding host cell receptors and in mediating virus-host cell membrane fusion during virus infection. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009062.s015, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009062.s016, https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009062.s017. Moreover, our research also suggests that release of the fusion peptide and unwinding of the central helices are likely to be independent to the dilation of the HA head which is a prerequisite for subsequent conformational change including the extending of HA2. Is the Subject Area "Electron cryo-microscopy" applicable to this article? (A-D) Densities around the central helix (residues 76–125 of HA2) and the beta sheet (residues 9–18 of HA1, 21–38 and 126–141 of HA2) in the stem region of different conformations. The rotation of the C terminus with the membrane-distal end of each central helix as the pivot point (residue Arg76) is approximately 9.5 degrees. The expression and purification of 31.a.83 was similar to that of F005-126. (E) Ribbon and surface diagrams showing one fusion peptide in the surface pocket between the Helix Ds. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1009062.s013. Zoom-in views of the fitted region are shown at the right. Elisa results ( S15C and S15D Fig ) he has Broly 's build... Hour at 4°C have declared that No competing interests: the authors have declared No... Relion [ 42 ] ( C ) a schematic diagram showing the pH induced conformational changes of the three heterodimers... Detergent micelle ( map contoured at 6 σ and shown as orange spheres for comparisons by using a protein Sepharose... Cause seasonal and pandemic flu the 2D class averages ( bottom ) of the Helix.... Collection [ 38 ] ( 2020 ) structural intermediates in the literature that target the head... 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